Fig 1.
Simulation steps for soil contamination following ICRP Publication 144.
MFP: mean-free path of photons in the air.
Table 1.
Specifications of ICRP Publication 144 [7] database for soil contamination.
Fig 2.
Decay chains of the thorium, uranium, and actinium series in secular equilibrium treated.
The numerical values indicate the blanching fraction of the decay from one nuclide to another taken from ICRP Publication 107 [13].
Fig 3.
Effective dose-rate coefficients for monoenergetic photon sources uniformly distributed to an infinite depth in the soil and corresponding ambient dose equivalent rate, , and air kerma rate,
, 1 m aboveground.
Numerical data are provided in S12 Table.
Fig 4.
Age-dependent effective dose-rate coefficients for monoenergetic electron sources uniformly distributed to an infinite depth in the soil.
The open circles and solid line with cross marks indicate the coefficients of ambient dose equivalent and air kerma rates, respectively, for the photon sources, which are the same as those shown in Fig 3. Numerical data are provided in S13 Table.
Table 2.
Effective dose-rate [nSv h−1 Bq−1 kg]; ambient dose equivalent rate, [nSv h−1 Bq−1 kg]; and air kerma rate,
[nGy h−1 Bq−1 kg], coefficients for nuclides uniformly distributed to an infinite depth in the soil.
and
were estimated at 1 m above the ground. Here, 15-y, 10-y, 5-y, and 1-y indicate 15-, 10-, 5-, and 1-year-old children, respectively.
Table 3.
Effective dose-rate [nSv h−1 Bq−1 kg]; ambient dose equivalent rate, [nSv h−1 Bq−1 kg]; and air kerma rate,
[nGy h−1 Bq−1 kg], coefficients for nuclides of the radioactive decay chain in secular equilibrium uniformly distributed to an infinite depth in the soil.
Decay chains headed by 232Th, 238U, and 235U are the thorium, uranium, and actinium series shown in Fig 2, respectively. The 137Cs chain indicates the secular radioactive equilibrium between 137Cs and 137mBa.
Table 4.
Ratio of the effective dose-rate coefficients reported by Petoussi-Henss et al. [4] and Bellamy et al. [3] for adults, 10- and 5-year-old children, and newborns to those obtained in the present work.
Here, 10-y and 5-y indicate 10- and 5-year-old children, respectively.