Table 1.
Investigation 1: Frequencies and percentages from party recommendations.
Table 2.
Investigation 1: Frequency and percentages from typology recommendation.
Table 3.
Investigation 1: Frequency and percentages from categorized typology recommendation.
Table 4.
Investigation 2: n of groups.
Fig 1.
2-by-2 factorial design showing two levels of quiz readability (low and high) and two quiz lengths (8 questions and 16 questions).
The n for each of the four groups is shown in each box, along with the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKG) of the content.
Table 5.
Investigation 2: VMP for each of the four groups.
Fig 2.
VMPs broken down by quiz characteristics.
Pre-post shifts in voting preferences as expressed by VMPs suggest that low-readability quizzes produce greater shifts toward the favored candidate than high-readability quizzes do, and that shorter quizzes produce greater shifts than longer quizzes do. See text for details.
Table 6.
Investigation 2: Comparison of VMPs for two levels of quiz length and two levels of readability.
Fig 3.
Voting preference shifts on the 11-point scale broken down by quiz characteristics.
Pre-post shifts in voting preferences as expressed on an 11-point scale suggest that low-readability quizzes produce greater shifts toward the favored candidate than high-readability quizzes do, and that shorter quizzes produce greater shifts than longer quizzes do. See text for details.
Table 7.
Investigation 2: Pre- and post-manipulation votes on 11-point scale (5 to 0 to 5) by quiz group*.
Table 8.
Investigation 2: ANOVA of vote preference score shifts on the 11-point scale for two factors: Quiz length and readability.
Table 9.
Investigation 2: Pre- and post-manipulation opinion ratings of favored candidates (for the bias groups combined).