Fig 1.
MITDB heartbeat annotations (dots) not located on R-peaks (record 107) and jitter between annotations.
Fig 2.
Examples of ECG detection errors using a fixed temporal window.
d0…4 are sample numbers of detected QRS complexes. a0…4 are sample numbers of the annotated QRS complex (ground truth). w is the temporal window used for the classical performance measures sensitivity, positive predictivity, false positive rate and overall accuracy.
Fig 3.
Experimental setup and example ECG traces.
A: Wiring of the two wireless biosignal amplifiers (Attys). The first amplifier records V1 − V2 with a chest strap and the second amplifier Einthoven II & III with standard Ag/AgCl electrodes. B: Photo of the chest strap and the biosignal amplifier mounted on it. Signal comparison between C: chest strap and D: Einthoven II recording while the subject was jogging.
Fig 4.
Graphical illustration of the JF algorithm.
A: Time stamps al of the QRS annotations versus the time stamps of the actual QRS detections dk. pl links the index numbers of the annotations l = 0, 1, 2, 3 to the index numbers k of the detections dk. B: Mapping function Eq 11 which maps the average jitter to a score between zero and one which reaches 0.5 at a jitter of 12 ms.
Fig 5.
A: Einthoven, B: Chest strap. Significantly above 90% indicated with an asterisk.
Fig 6.
A: Einthoven, B: Chest strap. Significantly above 90% indicated with a “*”.
Fig 7.
Comparing detector performance against increasing signal to noise ratios.
The JF benchmark value was calculated for the different activities of sitting, doing a maths test, walking, operating a hand-bike and jogging. The 4 detectors EngZee, Elgendi, WQRS and Pan& Tompkins have been benchmarked. If a JF value is significantly above 90% it is indicated with an asterisk.
Table 1.
Original cited sensitivities from the literature, in comparison to the new overall JF benchmark scores for each detector using GUDB.