Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of elderly participants in the intervention and control groups.
Table 2.
Distribution of MoCA scores between the intervention and control groups.
Fig 1.
Changes in MoCA scores from baseline to postintervention for both the intervention and control groups.
The error bars reflect the standard errors of the means. *** represents p < 0.001; ** represents p < 0.01; and * represents p < 0.05.
Table 3.
Distribution of GDS-15 scores between the intervention and control groups.
Fig 2.
Changes in GDS-15 scores from baseline to postintervention for both the intervention and control groups.
The error bars reflect the standard errors of the means. *** represents p < 0.001; ** represents p < 0.01; and * represents p < 0.05.
Table 4.
Distribution of BPNS scores between the intervention and control groups.
Fig 3.
Changes in BPNS_Competence scores from baseline to postintervention for both the intervention and control groups.
The error bars reflect the standard errors of the means. *** represents p < 0.001; ** represents p < 0.01; and * represents p < 0.05.
Fig 4.
Changes in BPNS_Relatedness scores from baseline to postintervention for both the intervention and control groups.
The error bars reflect the standard errors of the means. *** represents p < 0.001; ** represents p < 0.01; and * represents p < 0.05.