Fig 1.
Map showing the location of the sampling sites of the Hulun Buir Sandy Land in China in Inner Mongolia, China.
Table 1.
The vegetation and soil properties of mobile and fixed dunes.
Fig 2.
Soil bacterial (A) and fungal (B) alpha-diversity indices in mobile and fixed dunes.
The alpha diversity indices were based on the OTU richness (Chao 1 index) and diversity (Shannon diversity) indices.
Fig 3.
Relative abundances of dominant phyla in soil bacteria (a) and fungi (b) during restoration.
Note: “Others” represents all the phyla with a relative abundance <1%.
Fig 4.
Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination plot based on the Bray‒Curtis distance of samples for the bacterial (a) and fungal communities (b) in the mobile and fixed dunes.
MD, mobile dunes; FD, fixed dunes.
Table 2.
Statistical analysis of differences in the soil bacterial and fungal communities between mobile and fixed dunes.
Fig 5.
Biplot of the first two CCA axes showing the relationships between soil bacterial (A) and fungal (B) communities with environmental variables.