Fig 1.
Figure shows the different steps in the research process, from obtaining the core set to the statistical presentation of the results. The figure created using lucid chart software.
Fig 2.
Evolution of the research output between 1976 and 2022 in the bio-economy and rural development in the countries of Africa and Latin America.
The double axes represent the historical scientific production of articles generated during 46 years in the fields analyzed in this study.
Fig 3.
Distribution of all contributors by number of papers.
On the basis of a two-axis analysis of the number of authors and the number of publications in the data set, we have shown the distribution of authors according to the number of publications. As a supplement to the figure, we used the simple ANOVA test for the determination of statistically significant differences between the means of the two groups of variables.
Fig 4.
Number of women authors in key positions by year of publication.
The double-axis analysis in the figure shows in the vertical axis the evolution in publication years compared to the number of female authors shown in the horizontal axis. The authorship position of the authors in the dataset is indicated by the different colored lines.
Table 1.
Authorship production in the bioeconomy and rural development related studies by gender.
Fig 5.
Gender disparities by field of study.
By comparing the number of authors in the dataset according to different fields, the graph shows the disparity between male and female authors.
Fig 6.
Continental distribution based on gendered division.
Based on a double-axis analysis of the number of authors compared to the different continents worldwide. The figure shows the difference between male and female authors.
Fig 7.
The twenty most productive authors in the field of bioeconomy and rural development in terms of annual scientific production and citations.
The graph, created with the biblioshiny software, shows the evolution of the number of publications and the number of citations over the years (vertical axis) of the most productive authors in the dataset (horizontal axis); female authors are highlighted with a red circle.
Fig 8.
Average share of female corresponding authors in the scientific publications in the data set produced in the different countries (as a percentage of male authors).
Made with Natural Earth. Free vector and raster map data @naturalearthdata.com. The figure determines, by means of the grading of the green colors, the percentage of female authors out of the total number of male authors in the data set of the scientific publication. The darker color represents the higher percentage, while the lighter colors represent the lower percentage, the not applicable regions are present in pink.
Fig 9.
Co-occurrence network of research areas grouped into clusters.
The figure shows five clusters based on potential links between all keywords in the dataset. Each cluster groups the pairs of terms related to each other according to a set of criteria defined as co-occurring. (Graphic display with VOSviewer).
Table 2.
Thematic structure of the research fields and women’s contribution within the clusters.
Fig 10.
Co-authoring network based on total citations per author.
The graph shows the social network in which the authors in the dataset collaborated on one or more publications indirectly linked to each other. The female authors are highlighted in red circles compared to the total number of authors. (Graph displayed with VOSviewer).
Table 3.
Gender co-authorship analysis based on the total citations.