Fig 1.
Flow diagram outlining the search approach and the criteria for including or excluding studies, adhering to the PRISMA-2009 guidelines.
Table 1.
Summary characteristics of the selected studies.
Table 2.
Clinical features, co-morbidities, and treatment of patients with COVID-19 and MM.
Fig 2.
Forest plot for (a) hospitalization rate, (b) ICU admission rate, (c) mortality rate, and (d) survival rate among patients with COVID-19 and multiple myeloma based on a random-effects model.
Fig 3.
Funnel plots presenting the publication bias among selected studies on (a) hospitalization rate, (b) ICU admission rate, (c) mortality rate, and (d) survival rate.
Fig 4.
Sensitivity analysis exploring the influence of each study on the pooled (a) hospitalization rate, (b) ICU admission rate, (c) mortality rate, and (d) survival rate using the leave-one-out method. Green dot, pooled effect estimate; green horizontal line, confidence interval; red vertical line, pooled effect estimate.
Table 3.
Egger test results for each of the outcomes.
Fig 5.
Subgroup analysis for (a) hospitalization rate, (b) ICU admission rate, (c) mortality rate, (d) survival rate in patients with COVID-19 and multiple myeloma by different study characteristics.
Table 4.
Subgroup analysis for hospitalization rate, ICU admission rate, mortality rate, survival rate in patients with COVID-19 and multiple myeloma by co-morbidities.
Table 5.
Meta-regression coefficients for study characteristics and patients’ co-morbidities.