Table 1.
Summary of demographic and clinical data of the patients with CC and participants with NC.
Table 2.
Sequences of the RT-PCR primers, predicted sizes of the resulting products, and RT-PCR cycling conditions.
Table 3.
Sequences of the qRT-PCR primers, predicted sizes of the resulting products, and qRT-PCR cycling conditions.
Fig 1.
RT-PCR evaluation of the expression patterns of a subset of CT genes in the NC and CC tissue samples from Saudi patients.
The results of the RT-PCR analysis of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 are displayed in the agarose gel images. Each cDNA sample was obtained by first isolating total RNA from 15 CC tissue samples and 15 neighboring NC tissue samples. Human ACTB expression was used to evaluate the efficacy of each cDNA sample. Human testis cDNA was used to assess the primer quality of each gene. The official symbol and anticipated product size of each studied gene are displayed on the right side of the agarose figure.
Table 4.
Summary of the sequence analysis findings for the SYCP1, TEX101, and TMPRSS12 genes in the CC tissue samples.
Fig 2.
The expression levels of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 in the NC and CC tissue samples from the TCGA-COAD dataset.
The box plots of the CT genes show the differences in gene expression levels between the 41 NC and 308 CC tissue samples. *p ≤ 0.05. Abbreviations: COAD: Colon adenocarcinoma; NC: Normal colon; ns: Not-significant.
Fig 3.
The expression levels of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 in the NC and CC tissue samples from the GEO-GSE32323 database.
The box plots of the CT genes show the differences in gene expression levels between the 17 NC and 17 CC tissue samples. *p ≤ 0.05. Abbreviations: CC: Colon cancer; NC: Normal colon; ns: Not-significant.
Fig 4.
qRT-PCR analyses of the ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 gene expressions in the HCT116 cell line treated with 5-aza-CdR.
The gene expression levels of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 in the HCT116 cell line treated with 10 μM of 5-aza-CdR medication for 72 h are shown graphically as bar charts. As DMSO was used to dissolve the 5-aza-CdR solution, this was the treatment given to the HCT116 cells in the control group. To normalize the expression data, the mRNA expression level of the GAPDH housekeeping gene was used. Each gene has three independent qRT-PCR replicates, and the error bars show the standard error of the mean of the results. Statistical significance was assumed for all p values (*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, ****p ≤ 0.0001).
Fig 5.
qRT-PCR analyses of the ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 gene expressions in the Caco-2 cell line treated with 5-aza-CdR.
The gene expression levels of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 in the Caco-2 cell line treated with 10 μM of 5-aza-CdR medication for 72 h are shown graphically as bar charts. As DMSO was used to dissolve the 5-aza-CdR solution, this was the treatment given to the Caco-2 cells in the control group. To normalize the expression data, the mRNA expression level of the GAPDH housekeeping gene was used. Each gene has three independent qRT-PCR replicates, and the error bars show the standard error of the mean of the results. Statistical significance was assumed for all p values (*p ≤ 0.05, ** p≤ 0.01, *** p≤ 0.001, ****p ≤ 0.0001).
Fig 6.
qRT-PCR analyses of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 in the HCT116 cell line treated with TSA.
The gene expression levels of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 in the HCT116 cell line treated with 100 nM TSA for 48 h are shown graphically as bar charts. As DMSO was used to dissolve the 5-aza-CdR solution, this was the treatment given to the HCT116 cells in the control group. To normalize the expression data, the mRNA expression level of the GAPDH housekeeping gene was used. Each gene has three independent qRT-PCR replicates, and the error bars show the standard error of the mean of the results. Statistical significance was assumed for all p values (*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, and ****p ≤ 0.0001).
Fig 7.
qRT-PCR analyses of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 in the Caco-2 cell line treated with TSA.
The gene expression levels of ADAD1, DMRTC2, PRSS54, SYCE1, SYCP1, TEX101, TEX48, and TMPRSS12 in the Caco-2 cell line treated with 100 nM TSA for 48 h are shown graphically as bar charts. As DMSO was used to dissolve the 5-aza-CdR solution, this was the treatment given to the Caco-2 cells in the control group. To normalize the expression data, the mRNA expression level of the GAPDH housekeeping gene was used. Each gene has three independent qRT-PCR replicates, and the error bars show the standard error of the mean of the results. Statistical significance was assumed for all p values (*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, and ****p ≤ 0.0001).