Table 1.
Participant information for the three age groups (Mean±SD).
Fig 1.
The cycling-exercise protocol used for each condition.
RPE = rating of perceived exertion. PACES = physical activity enjoyment scale. FSS = Flow state scale (engagement). HRMax = maximum heart rate.
Fig 2.
The four experimental conditions: (A) High HMD VR, (B) Low Screen-projection VR, (C) Low Room-projection VR, and (D) No VR.
Table 2.
Steady state cycling performance and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) for each condition (No VR, Low Screen VR, Low Room VR, High VR) by age group.
Table 3.
Sprint cycling performance results and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) for each condition (No VR, Low Screen VR, Low Room VR, High VR) by age group.
Table 4.
Physical activity enjoyment scale scores for each condition (No VR, Low screen VR, Low Room VR, High VR) by age group.
Table 5.
Flow state scores (exercise engagement) for the nine sub-scales for each experimental condition (No VR, Low Screen VR, Low Room VR, High VR).