Fig 1.
Climatic sub-regions across China: Western arid and semi-arid region (WAS); Qinghai-Tibet region (QT); eastern arid region (EA); southwestern region (SW); northeastern region (NE); northern region (N); center region (C); southern region (S).
(The map is based on the standard map No. GS (2020)4619 downloaded from the website of the Standard Map Service of the Ministry of Natural Resources.).
Table 1.
CMIP6 models used in the study.
Table 2.
Abbreviations, descriptive names, and definitions of precipitation and high temperatures.
Fig 2.
Taylor diagrams of precipitation and high-temperature index simulations by 5 climate models and the Multi-Model Ensemble (MME) for China from 1970 to 2000.
Fig 3.
The frequency of future compound extreme events in China for two periods (2020–2050 and 2070–2100) under historical conditions and three SSPs (SSP2-4.5, SSP4-6.0, SSP5-8.5).
Fig 4.
Compared to period 1970–2000, future frequencies (rows 1 and 3) and changes (rows 2 and 4) in compound events in China for two future periods (2020–2050 and 2070–2100) under three SSPs (unit: D/y).
(The map is based on the standard map No. GS (2020)4619 downloaded from the website of the Standard Map Service of the Ministry of Natural Resources.).
Fig 5.
Spatial distribution(brown) and changes (multi colour) in the population (unit: Million person) of China in two future periods (2020–2050, 2070–2100) under 3 SSPs (SSP2-4.5, SSP4-6.0, SSP5-8.5) compared to 1970–2000.
(The map is based on the standard map No. GS (2020)4619 downloaded from the website of the Standard Map Service of the Ministry of Natural Resources.).
Fig 6.
The population exposed to compound events (unit: Million person) of China in baseline period (1970–2000) and two future periods (2020–2050, 2070–2100) under 3 SSPs (SSP2-4.5, SSP4-6.0, SSP5-8.5).
Fig 7.
Spatial distribution (the first and third rows) and changes (the second and fourth rows) of population exposed to compound events (unit: Million person) of China in two future periods (2020–2050, 2070–2100) under 3 SSPs (SSP2-4.5, SSP4-6.0, SSP5-8.5) compared to baseline period (1970–2000).
(The map is based on the standard map No. GS (2020)4619 downloaded from the website of the Standard Map Service of the Ministry of Natural Resources.).
Fig 8.
Contributions from changes in population (green), climate (blue), and their interaction (orange) to population of China in two future periods (2020–2050, 2070–2100) under three SSPs (SSP2-4.5, SSP4-6.0, SSP5-8.5) (unit: %).