Table 1.
Environmental hypotheses posed to explain the Rapoport’s rule evaluated in this study.
Fig 1.
Frequency distribution of range sizes in km2 (left) and natural logarithm of range size (right) at cross-species level across all datasets.
Table 2.
Phylogenetic signal for all the attributes across Leaché et al. [38] and Tonini et al. [39] datasets.
Bold values indicate significant results.
Fig 2.
Relationship between range size and latitudinal midpoints for the three datasets (all species, Leaché et al. [38], and Tonini et al. [39]) at the cross-species level.
Table 3.
Regression parameters for Rapoport’s rule and model-averaged slopes of environmental hypotheses at the cross-species level.
OLS = Ordinary Least Squares, PGLS = Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares. CEH = Climatic Extremes Hypothesis, EH = Elevation Hypothesis, HCSH = Historical Climatic Stability Hypothesis, CVH = Climatic Variability Hypothesis.
Fig 3.
Geographic pattern of median (log) range size of Sceloporus species.
Map projection is in Albers equal area. This map was created in QGIS 3.32 [50]. The elevation base map was derived from SRTM data of the USGS Earth Resources Observatory and Science (EROS) center (public domain: https://eros.usgs.gov#) as provided by WorldClim 2.1 [47] under CC-BY license.
Fig 4.
Relationship between range size and cell’s latitudinal centroid for the three datasets (all species, Leaché et al. [38], and Tonini et al. [39]) at the assemblage level.
Table 4.
Regression parameters for Rapoport’s rule and best supported model slopes of environmental hypotheses at the assemblage level.
OLS = Ordinary Least Squares, SARs = Simultaneous Autoregressive models. CEH = Climatic Extremes hypothesis, EH = Elevation Hypothesis, HCSH = Historical Climatic Stability Hypothesis, CVH = Climatic Variability Hypothesis.
Fig 5.
Frequency distributions of the null slopes across 100 regression models using simultaneous autoregressive models and phylogenetic generalized least squares.
Red dashed line = Observed value. Blue dashed lines = 0.05% and 95% interval confidence of the null distribution. CEH = Climatic Extremes Hypothesis, EH = Elevation Hypothesis, HCSH = Historical Climatic Stability Hypothesis, CVH = Climatic Variability Hypothesis.