Fig 1.
PRISMA flowcharts of the systematic reviews.
Table 1.
Article-level descriptive details per journal.
Table 2.
Examples of generalized claims from the sample.
Numbers in brackets refer to the article number in the OSF data spreadsheet.
Fig 2.
The proportion of articles with generalized, generic, unrestricted, hedged, or practice-related result claims (derived by dividing the number of articles with these claims with the total number of articles of each journal).
Error bars indicate standard error for the variability in proportion estimates.
Table 3.
χ2 test results comparing journals in terms of their number of generalized articles and articles with generics.
Bonferroni correction for multiple comparions α = 0.008.
Fig 3.
Number of generalized claims in total shown by claim type and journal.
Fig 4.
Interval plot showing the mean overall generics count of each journal’s total number of articles.
Table 4.
Comparisons of the number of generics in articles by journal.
Bonferroni correction α = 0.008.
Table 5.
Association test results per journal using rank-biserial correlation and ϕ coefficient tests.
Fig 5.
Comparisons of the proportions of clinical research articles and NEJM Journal Watch research summaries with generalized claims.
Error bars indicate standard error for the variability in proportion estimates.