Table 1.
Relative poverty lines by country.
Fig 1.
Research framework.
Table 2.
Data sources for indicators.
Table 3.
Coupling degree types of economy-society-environmental system.
Table 4.
Coupling coordination types of economy-society-environmental system.
Table 5.
Comparative analysis of the initial recognition effect of models.
Table 6.
Comparative analysis of recognition effect after model tuning.
Fig 2.
Relatively poor areas of the country by the end of 2022.
Table 7.
Multidimensional system of relative poverty indicators.
Fig 3.
Spatial distribution of relative poverty levels.
(a) Economic relative poverty index,(b) Social relative poverty index,(c)Environmental relative poverty index,(d)Multidimensional relative poverty index.
Fig 4.
Relative poverty area coupling and types of coupling coordination.
(a)Type of coupling,(b)Type of coupling coordination.
Fig 5.
Spatial distribution map of economically relatively poor areas and poverty levels.
(a) Type of relative economic deprivation,(b) Level of relative economic deprivation.
Table 8.
Statistics of spatial relative poverty in various regions in China.
Fig 6.
Spatial distribution map of socially relatively poor areas and poverty levels.
(a)Type of relative social deprivation,(b) Level of relative social deprivation.
Fig 7.
Spatial distribution map of environmental relatively poor areas and poverty levels.
(a) Type of relative environmental deprivation,(b) Level of relative environmental deprivation.
Fig 8.
Spatial distribution of poverty types in relatively poor areas.