Fig 1.
Pratylenchus population densities per gram root in Scarlet and Scarlet-Rz1.
For each experiment, nematodes were extracted 7 days after inoculation from three 21-day-old plants, pooled prior to enumeration. A, Values are the average of four experiments. Letters indicate significant (P < 0.05) differences among means (Statistix, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America). B, Values from Experiment 2, which was used for qRT-PCR.
Table 1.
Tally of defense- and stress-related gene IDs in the coding sequence-based and genome-based datasets (total RPKM ≥51).
Fig 2.
Venn diagrams of defense/stress-related genes induced (log2 fold-change ≥1.0) and repressed (log2 fold-change ≤-1.0) in wheat roots after Pratylenchus neglectus (Pn, red), P. thornei (Pt, green) and combined (Pn+Pt, blue) treatments.
Values were obtained from genome-based gene IDs having RPKM values ≥51 when all four treatments were summed. Induced (log2 fold-change ≥1) and repressed (log2 fold-change ≤-1) defense/stress-related gene IDs for Pn, Pt and Pn+Pt treatments are listed in S4B-S4D Table, respectively.
Fig 3.
Heat maps of RPKM values for selected defense genes expressed in roots of wheat cultivar Scarlet 7 days after inoculation with Pratylenchus neglectus (Pn), P. thornei (Pt) and a mixture of both species (PnPt).
The control treatment was water (Cont). Plots were derived from genome-based gene IDs having total RPKM values ≥51 (total = sum of RPKM values of all four treatments). High relative RPKM values are shown in shades of green, low values are indicated by orange or red, and yellow shades indicate intermediate values. Gene IDs in colored font indicate sequences used for primer design.
Table 2.
qRT-PCR primers used in this study.
Fig 4.
Comparison of defense gene induction in roots of Scarlet and Scarlet-Rz1 after treatment with Pratylenchus neglectus (Pn), P. thornei (Pt) or a combination of both species (PnPt).
The qRT-PCR relative fold-change data (qPCR) are shown in the upper panels. Open circles represent Scarlet and the black squares represent Scarlet-Rz1. The Pn+Pt combination for Rz1 was omitted because its cDNA failed to amplify in any of the assays. Coding sequence-based and genome-based RPKM data (RPKM) are shown as black and grey bars, respectively, in the lower panels.