Fig 1.
Wisdom hierarchy related to the field of CL.
Source: Own elaboration based on WKID concept described among others in [49].
Fig 2.
City logistics ecosystem enriched with KM processes.
Source: Own elaboration.
Fig 3.
Research framework.
Table 1.
Characteristics of experts–years of experience.
Table 2.
Characteristics of experts–experience in CL projects.
Fig 4.
Knowledge transfer in city logistics projects.
Source: Own study.
Fig 5.
Activities in city logistics in which a knowledge-based approach is used–detailed experts’ responses.
Source: Own study.
Table 3.
Activities in city logistics in which a knowledge-based approach is used.
Table 4.
Additional areas in which knowledge-based approach is often used in city logistics projects/activities.
Fig 6.
Knowledge management processes in city logistics which were most affected by the difficulties.
Source: Own study.
Fig 7.
Data needed and data that was difficult to obtain in city logistics in the opinion of respondents.
Source: Own study.
Table 5.
Difficulties in accessing data and information in city logistics.
Table 6.
Experts’ views on usefulness of other city logistics projects.
Fig 8.
Reasons for difficulties in knowledge acquisition in city logistics activities–detailed results.
Source: Own study.
Table 7.
Reasons for difficulties in knowledge acquisition in city logistics activities.
Fig 9.
A concept of a collaborative knowledge base in the field of city logistics.
Source: Own study.