Fig 1.
Trends in monthly vegetable prices in Beijing over the past five years.
Fig 2.
Box plot demonstration of daily prices for six types of vegetables in 2022.
Fig 3.
Swarm plot demonstration of daily prices for six types of vegetables in 2022.
Fig 4.
2022 daily average price chart for celery.
Fig 5.
2022 daily average price chart for spiny cucumber.
Fig 6.
2022 daily average price chart for eggplant.
Fig 7.
2022 daily average price chart for carrot.
Fig 8.
2022 daily average price chart for potato.
Fig 9.
2022 daily average price chart for oyster mushroom.
Fig 10.
A schematic diagram of the LSTM network structure.
Fig 11.
Flowchart of this study.
Fig 12.
LSTM model loss function (Celery price data).
Fig 13.
LSTM model loss function (Spiny cucumber price data).
Fig 14.
LSTM model loss function (eggplant price data).
Fig 15.
LSTM model loss function (Carrot price data).
Fig 16.
LSTM model loss function (Potato price data).
Fig 17.
LSTM model loss function (Oyster price data).
Fig 18.
The fitting plot of LSTM model (Celery price data) on test set.
Fig 19.
The fitting plot of LSTM model (Spiny cucumber price data) on test set.
Fig 20.
The fitting plot of LSTM model (Eggplant price data) on test set.
Fig 21.
The fitting plot of LSTM model (Carrot price data) on test set.
Fig 22.
The fitting plot of LSTM model (Potato price data) on test set.
Fig 23.
The fitting plot of LSTM model (Oyster mushroom price data) on test set.
Fig 24.
The prediction results of LSTM model (Celery price data).
Fig 25.
The prediction results of LSTM model (Spiny cucumber price data).
Fig 26.
The prediction results of LSTM model (Eggplant price data).
Fig 27.
The prediction results of LSTM model (Carrot price data).
Fig 28.
The prediction results of LSTM model (Potato price data).
Fig 29.
The prediction results of LSTM model (Oyster mushroom price data).
Table 1.
LSTM model prediction results.
Fig 30.
Trend chart of predicted and actual data.
Table 2.
Comparison of results between traditional ML methods and LSTM.
Table 3.
Shapiro-Wilk test statistic.
Table 4.
P-values from the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.