Fig 1.
Flowchart of study screening process.
Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies on the different dosage of intranasal dexmedetomidine for anti-emergence delirium or agitation.
Fig 2.
Network plot diagram for the effect of different intranasal dexmedetomidine dosage on outcomes.
(A) the incidence of emergence delirium or emergence agitation; (B) the incidence of severe emergence delirium or emergence agitation; (C) Score of Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale; (D) PACU pain VAS score. The thickness of edges and numbers located on the line represent the number of trials for each direct comparison.
Fig 3.
Network meta-analysis of different intranasal dexmedetomidine dosage on outcomes.
(A) the incidence of emergence delirium or emergence agitation; (B) the incidence of severe emergence delirium or emergence agitation; (C) Score of Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale; (D) PACU pain VAS score.
Fig 4.
The probability of ranking plot for the effect of different intranasal dexmedetomidine dosage on outcomes.
(A) the incidence of emergence delirium or emergence agitation; (B) the incidence of severe emergence delirium or emergence agitation; (C) Score of Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale; (D) PACU pain VAS score.