Fig 1.
The modified conceptual framework for the primary health care quality for chronic diseases in rural China.
Table 1.
Definitions and data sources for quality domains and subdomains.
Table 2.
Characteristics of the study sample.
Fig 2.
Average quality domain and sub-domain score of PHC for hypertension, diabetes, and comorbidity.
For quality score, 0 represents the lowest quality, and 1 represents the highest quality. Clinical care score was displayed by sub-domains due to disparate data sources including chart abstraction, patient survey, provider survey and national registry data. Comorbidity refers to a dual diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes.
Fig 3.
The distribution of average PHC quality score by socioeconomic characteristics (95% CI).
The distribution of quality scores for assessment, diagnoses, and treatment in marriage, education, income group, and medical insurance were based on matched data between chart abstraction and patient survey; Quality scores for medical knowledge are at the provider level rather than the patient level. NA, is not applicable, meaning no observations in that category. UEBMI, Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance. URBMI, Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance. NCMS, New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme. URRBMI, Urban and Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance. Comorbidity refers to a dual diagnosis of hypertension and diabetes.
Table 3.
The associations between provider’s characteristics and provider competencea.