Fig 1.
The preoperative design of virtual crown and implant placement.
The Virtual crown and implant for a right maxillary first molar as planned in the dynamic navigation software.
Fig 2.
The position of the lateral window was marked.
Two implants were positioned on the surface of the sinus wall as the borders of lateral sinus window osteotomy. The red arrow pointed mesial border; The green arrow pointed distal border.
Fig 3.
The special anatomical structures was inspected.
The view of the cyst, wall thickness and Schneiderian membrane in the dynamic navigation software.
Fig 4.
The procedure of registration in the dynamic navigation.
When the registration error was less than 0.3, the dynamic navigation software entered the surgical navigation program.
Fig 5.
The accuracy of dynamic navigation system was tested.
The short round drill was placed on the cusp of teeth in order to test the accuracy of dynamic navigation system.
Fig 6.
During operation the cutting lines were made guided by dynamic navigation.
The red arrow pointed mesial border; The green arrow pointed distal border; The blue arrow pointed the lines representing virtual drill.
Fig 7.
The implant was inserted under the direct view of the dynamic navigation software.
Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study population.