Fig 1.
Adaptive beamforming block diagram.
Fig 2.
Proposed model block diagram.
Table 1.
Summary of algorithm.
Fig 3.
a. Convergence performance. b. MSE performance.
Fig 4.
a. MSE learning curves of the LFLMS with a fractional value of 0.9 and SNR of 10dB. b. MSE learning curves of the LFLMS with a fractional value of 0.9 and SNR of 15dB. c. MSE learning curves of the LFLMS with a fractional value of 0.9 and SNR of 20dB.
Fig 5.
Comparison of scatter diagrams for the LMS, FLMS, and LFLMS.
Fig 6.
a. Beam pattern SNR = 15, β = 0.9, μ = 0.01. b. Polar beam pattern for SNR = 15dB, β = 0.9, and μ = 0.01
Table 2.
Values of the parameters employed.
Table 3.
Convergence comparisons of LMS and LFLMS for different step sizes and SNR values.
Table 4.
Convergence comparisons of FLMS and LFLMS for different step sizes and SNR values.
Table 5.
MSE performance comparison of LMS and LFLMS for different step sizes and SNR values.
Table 6.
MSE performance comparison of FLMS and LFLMS for different step sizes and SNR values.