Table 1.
Experimental table of three factors and three levels.
Table 2.
Design of experiment matrix for pH, proportion of particle liquid and particle concentration.
Fig 1.
Relationship between menthol concentration and embedding rate, different letters (a-e) indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
Fig 2.
(a) (b) (c) were graphs of pH, particle liquid ratio and oil/water ratio (%) versus embedding rate, different letters (a-d) indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) among the different groups and the error bars represent the SD.
Table 3.
Particle size and potential of emulsion of the blank and the menthol Pickering emulsions.
Table 4.
ANOVA by RSM for the pH, particle liquid ratio, and particle concentrations and rut depth for the menthol Pickering emulsion.
Table 5.
Regression analysis values for the responses.
Fig 3.
(a) were normal plot of residuals, (b) were predicred vs. actual.
Fig 4.
2-D and 3-D RSM surface showing the stimulatory influence of pH, Particle liquid ratio and Particle concentration on Composite score, (a) and (b) were the stimulatory influence of pH and Particle concentration on Composite score; (c) and (d) were the stimulatory influence of pH and Particle liquid ratio on Composite score; (e) and (f) were the stimulatory influence of Particle liquid ratio and Particle concentration on Composite score.
Fig 5.
Changes in emulsification values of Pickering emulsions at different storage times, A was the blank emulsion, B was the menthol Pickering emulsion.
Fig 6.
Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and laser confocal microscopy diagrams of Pickering emulsion, (a) was the optical microscopy images of the menthol Pickering emulsion during storage at a scale of 20 μm,(b) and (c) were the SEM images of the menthol Pickering emulsion and the blank Pickering emulsion, and the magnification of (b) and (c) were 1000 times, (d) to (i) were the CLSM images of the menthol Pickering emulsion and the blank Pickering emulsion.
Fig 7.
Rheological properties of Pickering emulsion, η: Apparent viscosity, Gʹ: Storage moduli, Gʹʹ: Loss moduli.
Fig 8.
Effect of temperature change on the rheological properties of the blank and menthol Pickering emulsions, (a) and (b) were temperature rise plots of the menthol Pickering emulsion and the blank Pickering emulsion, (c) and (d) were temperature drop plots of the menthol Pickering emulsion and the blank Pickering emulsion.
Fig 9.
The variation trend of MDA content in the blank Pickering emulsion,the mentol Pickering emulsion and Soubean oil with storage time.
Fig 10.
Release rate of FFA from Pickering emulsion in an in vitro simulated digestion model.
Fig 11.
Plate colony diagrams of different samples.