Fig 1.
QTL information for barley yield and yield-related traits in previous QTL studies.
(A) Population size of different population types. (B) Percentage of QTL for different yield and yield-related traits. (C) QTL distribution on 7 chromosomes. (D) Frequency distribution of QTL with different LOD scores. (E) Frequency distribution of QTL for different PVEs.
Fig 2.
Distribution of markers on the barley consensus map in this study.
The number of markers decreases sequentially from red to green.
Fig 3.
Basic information of MQTL in this study.
(A) The number of MQTL containing different initial QTL numbers. (B) The number of MQTL is associated with the number of different traits. (C) MQTL distribution on seven chromosomes. (D) Confidence interval comparison between initial QTLs (green bar) and MQTLs (orange bar).
Fig 4.
Distribution of MQTL on chromosomes verified by GWAS.
The circles from inside to outside indicate the genetic map, the PVE of the initial QTL, the position of the MTA on the physical map, the high-confidence gene distribution, and the physical map, respectively.
Fig 5.
Distribution of 25 breeder’s MQTLs affecting different yield-related traits on chromosomes.
The axes on the left indicate physical distances (Mb), and different traits were represented by squares of different colors. GMT grain morphological traits, GN grain number, SRT spike-related traits, GW grain weight, GY grain yield, GPT growth period traits, BY biomass yield, TN tiller number, PH plant height, HI harvest index, GFRT grain filling-related traits.
Table 1.
The 25 breeder’s MQTLs for yield and yield-related traits in barley.
Fig 6.
Expression characteristics of 17 candidate genes in 10 barley tissues.
The expression level gradually increases from blue to red.
Table 2.
Barley orthologs of yield-associated genes in rice and maize within the hcMQTLs region.