Fig 1.
Hala’alate Mountain area on the northwestern margin of the Junggar Basin.
(a) Hala’alate Mountain tectonic belt on the northern margin of the Junggar Basin. (b) Distribution map of well locations in the study area. Republished from ACS under a CC BY license, with permission, from Xiao Hu Dr. [24], the original copyright September 28, 2023.
Fig 2.
Comparison of east west structural characteristics in the study area.
(a) The AA’ seismic profile from SE to NW shows the stratigraphic structure on the west side of the study area. (b) The BB’ seismic profile from SE to NW shows the stratigraphic structure on the east side of the study area. (c) Spatial display of the interpretation results for the AA’ and BB’ sections.
Fig 3.
Stratigraphic contact relationships in the study area.
Fig 4.
Comprehensive analysis diagram of sequence stratigraphy.
Fig 5.
Characteristics of typical seismic profiles and typical core sequence boundaries in the study area.
(a) Hq22, 661.36 m, pebbly argillaceous fine sandstone. (b) Hq21-q9, 554.70 m. Brownish red argillaceous conglomerate. (c) Hq211, 504.30 m, fine sandstone. (d) Hq211, 512.1~512.5 m, the mudstone of Xishanyao Formation is mainly gray. (e) Hq21-q6, 443.89 m, gray sandstone and conglomerate. (f) Hq23, 310.21 m gray siltstone. (g) Hq21, 364 m -365 m, The lithology of Qingshuihe formation is mainly grayish green mudstone and siltstone. (h) Hq20, 535.95 m, poor sorting and low roundness. (i) Hq21-q17, 467.91 m, poor sorting and low roundness. (j) Hq22, synthetic seismogram.
Fig 6.
Triangle diagram of the Jurassic Cretaceous sandstone composition in the study area.
Fig 7.
Type of storage space in the research area.
(a) Hq23-q48, 135.27 m, primary intergranular pores. (b) Hq21-q10, 423.59 m, intergranular pores. (c) Hq23-q43, 87.05 m, intergranular pores. (d) Hq23-q43,87.05 m, intergranular dissolution crack. (e) Hq21, 443.76 m, with gravel joint. (f) Hq22-q10, 620.98 m, microcracks.
Table 1.
Statistical table of rock mineral composition.
Fig 8.
Multiattribute identification of stratigraphic boundaries.
(a) Generalized spectrum decomposition. (b) Instantaneous phase. (c) Inclined body. (d) Attribute clustering.
Fig 9.
Layer tracing and structural interpretation of multi frequency seismic data.
(a) Data isochronicity analysis. (b) Original data body and unequal reflection caused by changes in lithology. (c) 45 Hz data body, improving the unevenness caused by changes in lithology. (d) Original data body and distortion of the same phase axis near the fault zone. (e) 45 Hz data body and clear fault structure.
Fig 10.
Seismic forward profile (a) and stratigraphic overlap Model (b).
Fig 11.
Stratigraphic overlap model (top) and seismic forward profile (bottom).
Fig 12.
Relationship between drilling thickness and half energy in the second member of the Qingshuihe Formation.
Table 2.
Table of statistics for predicting the thickness of the second memner of the Qingshuihe Formation.
Fig 13.
Poisson’s ratio GR electric logging intersection diagram.
Fig 14.
Flowchart of the Poisson’s ratio inversion technique.
Fig 15.
Tectonic evolution and reservoir formation evolution.
(a) Structural evolution in the study area, (b) the impact of structural evolution on oil and gas migration in the study area.
Fig 16.
Stratigraphic distribution after angle extrapolation.
(a) Single-channel half energy attribute. (b) Prediction results of the formation pinch-out line passing through well Hq23. (c) Structural map of the top surface of the second section of the Qingshuihe Formation. (d) Stratum thickness map of the second section of the Qingshuihe Formation.
Fig 17.
Evolutionary map of the Cretaceous residual strata on the southern margin of Hala’alate Mountain.
(a) and (b) JSQ1-2 (LST), affected by the Yanshan Movement, suffered erosion due to strong uplift source supply and thick sedimentation. (c) JSQ3 (TST), developed short-term lake intrusion and small-scale fan delta sedimentation. (d) and (e) KSQ2-3 (TST) developed continuous lake intrusion and developed fan delta sedimentation, expanding the sedimentary area from bottom to top.
Fig 18.
Reservoir plan and Poisson’s ratio inversion response in the study area.
(a). Poisson’s ratio inversion stratigraphic slice of the third member of the Xishanyao Formation (JSQ3) in the Hq21 well area, (b). Poisson’s ratio inversion stratigraphic slice of the third member of the Xishanyao Formation (JSQ3) in the Hq22 well area, (c) Poisson’s ratio inversion stratigraphic slice of the second member of the Qingshuihe Formation (KSQ2), (d). Reservoir plan of the third member of the Xishanyao Formation (JSQ3) in the Hq21 well area, (e). Reservoir plan of the third member of the Xishanyao Formation (JSQ3) in the Hq22 well area, (f) Reservoir distribution prediction of the second member of the Qingshuihe Formation (KSQ3).
Fig 19.
Diagram of the reservoir formation pattern in the study area.
Fig 20.
Comparison of spectrum decomposition effect.
(a) 25Hz, (b) 35Hz, (c) 45Hz, (d)55Hz.
Table 3.
K1q2 extrapolation distance calculation.
Fig 21.
Error curves for the stratum angle and stratum overlap pinch-out point.
Fig 22.
Distribution map of average reservoir physical property values of different sedimentary facies in the Jurassic cretaceous system of the study area.
(a) Porosity of different sedimentary facies types, (b) permeability of different sedimentary facies.
Fig 23.
Comparison of Poisson’s ratio genetic inversion results.