Table 1.
Numbers and prevalence rates of 16 chronic conditions in the multimorbidity population, at a national level and in the five Regions of Denmark.
Chronic heart conditions (CHC), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypercholesterolemia (hyperchol.), rheumatoid arthritis (rh. arthritis). Data for 2015.
Fig 1.
Within cluster sum of squares, Caliński-Harabasz Index and Silhouette score.
The elbow of the WCSS and Caliński-Harabasz Index graphs point towards 3–6 clusters.
Fig 2.
The progression between clusters when number of clusters vary from 2 to 10.
Fig 3.
The position of simulated data in the plane, colored according to K-means clustering with 5 respectively 6 clusters.
The new cluster appears in the center; the last figure shows rim data where erratic cluster allocation changes take place.
Fig 4.
Rim data percentage for multimorbid individuals as a function of the number of clusters.
Table 2.
Characteristics of the five clusters, prevalence of conditions, age and gender characteristics, educational attainment, labor market affiliation, utilization rates and cluster sizes.
The Allergies cluster (cluster ALL), the Chronic Heart Conditions cluster (cluster CHC), the Hypercholesterolemia cluster (cluster CHL), the Diabetes cluster (cluster DIA), and the Musculoskeletal and Psychiatric Conditions cluster (cluster M-P).
Table 3.
Co-occurrences of conditions within clusters of conditions in %, in terms of dyads (2 simultaneously occurring chronic conditions), triads (3 simultaneously occurring chronic conditions) and tetrads (4 simultaneously occurring chronic conditions).
The Allergies cluster (cluster ALL), the Chronic Heart Conditions cluster (cluster CHC), the Hypercholesterolemia cluster (cluster CHL), the Diabetes cluster (cluster DIA), and the Musculoskeletal and Psychiatric Conditions cluster (cluster M-P). Chronic heart conditions (CHC), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), hypercholesterolemia (hyperchol).
Table 4.
Cluster allocation for individuals based on 4–5 conditions.
Applies to 1.129.342 out of 1.137.072 individuals (99.32%). The Allergies cluster (cluster ALL), the Chronic Heart Conditions cluster (cluster CHC), the Hypercholesterolemia cluster (cluster CHL), the Diabetes cluster (cluster DIA), and the Musculoskeletal and Psychiatric Conditions cluster (cluster M-P).
Fig 5.
The Danish regions (in red), and cities with more than 100.000 inhabitants (in turquoise).
Figure utilizes geographical information from Agency for Data Supply and Infrastructure, regional borders September 2023, https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/4838.
Table 5.
Cluster prevalence at the national level and in the five Danish regions.
The Allergies cluster (cluster ALL), the Chronic Heart Conditions cluster (cluster CHC), the Hypercholesterolemia cluster (cluster CHL), the Diabetes cluster (cluster DIA), and the Musculoskeletal and Psychiatric Conditions cluster (cluster M-P).
Fig 6.
Spatial variation in the Musculoskeletal and psychiatric conditions cluster.
Cluster prevalence in %. Figure utilizes geographical information from Agency for Data Supply and Infrastructure, municipality borders September 2023, https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/3901.
Fig 7.
Spatial variation in the chronic heart conditions cluster.
Cluster prevalence in %. Figure utilizes geographical information from Agency for Data Supply and Infrastructure, municipality borders September 2023, https://dataforsyningen.dk/data/3901.