Fig 1.
Brain imaging showing venous collaterals according to the Qureshi classification.
(A) Venous collateral grade 1. Sagittal magnetic resonance venography (MRV) of the brain demonstrated thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus (asterisk) and the venous collateral bypassing the occlusion site and connecting with the distal part of the same sinus (arrowhead). (B) Venous collateral grade 2. Coronal cerebral angiography revealed extensive thrombosis from the distal superior sagittal sinus to the left proximal transverse sinus (asterisk) and the venous collateral connecting the middle superior sagittal sinus with the transverse-sigmoid sinus junction (arrowhead). (C) Venous collateral grade 3. Gadolinium-enhanced sagittal magnetic resonance imaging of the brain demonstrated thrombosis of the great vein of Galen and straight sinus (asterisk) and venous collateral connecting the inferior sagittal sinus with the distal superior sagittal sinus (arrowhead). (D) MRV of the brain revealed thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus (asterisk) and two venous collaterals as follows: (1) venous collateral grade 2, connecting the proximal superior sagittal sinus connecting with the Sylvian vein (arrow) and (2) venous collateral grade 3, connecting the proximal superior sagittal sinus with the inferior sagittal sinus. The patient with multiple venous collaterals was graded according to the highest grade of the Qureshi classification.
Table 1.
Comparison of the baseline characteristics and radiographic findings between patients with cerebral venous thrombosis with and without venous collaterals.
Table 2.
Comparison of the etiology, treatment, and outcome between patients with cerebral venous thrombosis with and without venous collaterals.
Table 3.
Multivariate analysis of factors associated with venous collaterals in patients with cerebral venous thrombosis.