Fig 1.
The research flowchart divides the research subjects into subgroups according to group.
HF: Heart failure; CHF: Chronic heart failure; AHF: Acute heart failure.
Fig 2.
The RDW was calculated by the RDW-CV formula, with 1 SD divided by the MCV.
RDW-CV: Red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation; SD: Standard deviation; MCV: Mean corpuscular volume.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study groups.
Table 2.
Laboratory tests of the study groups.
Fig 3.
Comparison of RDW-CV among different study groups.
(A) Comparison of RDW-CV among the non-HF, CHF, and AHF groups. (B) Comparison of RDW-CV in HF patients with LVEF ≥ 50% and < 50%. (C) Comparison of RDW-CV between the NYHA I/II and NYHA III/IV groups. RDW-CV: Red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation; HF: Heart failure; CHF: Chronic heart failure; AHF: Acute heart failure; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA: New York Heart Association.
Fig 4.
Receiver operating characteristic curves for detecting AHF among HF patients.
Comparisons of the differences between the AUCs of RDW-CV and hs-cTnT using the Hanley & McNeil method. ROC: Receiver operating characteristic; AUC: Area under the curve; RDW-CV: Red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation; hs-cTnT: High-sensitivity troponin T; AHF: Acute heart failure.
Fig 5.
The heatmap shows the correlation of RDW-CV with clinical and subclinical indices in HF patients.
HR: Heart rate; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; BMI: Body mass index; WHR: Waist hip ratio; NYHA: New York Heart Association; LVEF: Left ventricular ejection fraction; WBC: White blood cell; RDW-CV: Red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation; PLT: Platelet; MPV: Mean platelet volume; HbA1c: Hemoglobin A1c; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; HDL-C: High-density lipoprotein cholesterol; non-HDL-C: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; eGFR: Estimated glomerular filtration rate; hs-cTnT: High-sensitivity troponin T; NT-proBNP: N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide.
Fig 6.
HF susceptibility was predicted via logistic regression using hematologic parameters as covariates.
According to the univariate analysis, elevated RDW-CV and lower RBC and Hb levels were identified as risk factors for HF. WBC: White blood cell; RBC: Red blood cell; Hb: Hemoglobin; HCT: Hematocrit; MCV: Mean corpuscular volume; MCH: Mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC: Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; RDW-CV: Red blood cell distribution width coefficient of variation; PLT: Platelet; MPV: Mean platelet volume.
Table 3.
Logistic regression analysis for prediction of AHF in HF patients.