Table 1.
Vestibular inclusion criteria.
Fig 1.
Schedule of enrollment, interventions and assessments per study visit per subject.
aECAP (auditory electrically evoked compound action potential), ART (audio response telemetry), BVQ (bilateral vestibulopathy questionnaire), CAREN (computer assisted rehabilitation environment system), CBCT (cone beam computer tomography), CI (cochlear implant), CNC (consonant-nucleus-consonant), CT (computer tomography), cVEMP (cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials), DHI (dizziness handicap inventory), DiN (Digits-in-Noise), DQ (daily questionnaire), DVA (dynamic visual acuity), EQ-5D-5L (euroqol five-dimensional questionnaire), FES-I (falls efficacy scale international), fHIT (functional head impulse test), HADS (Hospital anxiety and depression scale), HUI-3 (health utility index mark 3), ICECAP-A (ICEpop capability measure for adults questionnaire), mini-BESTest (mini-balance evaluation systems test), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), OSQ (oscillopsia severity questionnaire), oVEMP (ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials), PSFS (patient-specific functional scale), SSQ-12 (speech spatial and qualities of hearing scale), TQ (tinnitus questionnaire), VBR (vestibular brainstem response). VCI (vestibulocochlear implant), vECAP (vestibular electrically evoked compound action potential), vHIT (video head impulse test), VI (vestibular implant). *If tinnitus complaints are higher at post-operative measurement, follow-up measurements will be performed. ⁱ Part of regular CI work-up. # Measured in two conditions: static and dynamic.
Fig 2.
Timeline per subject of the VertiGO! trial.
Timeline in months (m). VCI (vestibulocochlear implant), CI (cochlear implant), VI (vestibular implant).
Fig 3.
Example schedule of a prolonged stimulation period.
A Steady state habituation and short fitting check. B Impedance, UCL and VAS-based list of questions. It should be noted that actual timeslots may differ between subjects. CAREN (computer assisted rehabilitation environment system), CNC (consonant-nucleus-consonant), DiN (Digits-in-Noise), DVA (dynamic visual acuity), mini-BESTest (mini-balance evaluation systems test), PSFS (patient-specific functional scale), UCL (upper comfortable level), VAS (visual analog scale).
Fig 4.
Three modes of stimulation by the vestibular implant.
(A) Motion-modulated stimulation with baseline stimulation. (B) Motion-modulated stimulation with reduced baseline stimulation. (C) Baseline stimulation (no modulation). Baseline stimulation is given as a constant-amplitude electrical pustule signal in all three stimulation modes. Excitatory modulation is shown in light gray and inhibitory modulation is shown in dark gray.
Fig 5.
(A) The multichannel VCI prototype. (B) The Audio-Motion Processor (AMP) with coil. Reprinted from [43] under a CC BY license, with permission from the SWISS Foundation for Innovation and Training in Surgery and MED-EL, original copyright 2023.