Fig 1.
Patient selection flow chart.
Table 1.
Equations included in the study.
Table 2.
Baseline characteristics (n = 385).
Table 3.
Performance of included equations.
Fig 2.
Bland-Altman plot of Pakistani CKD-EPI and rGFR (ml/min/1.73m2).
The mean of Pakistani CKD-EPI plus rGFR is located on the x-axis, and the value of rGFR minus Pakistani CKD-EPI is located on the y-axis. Solid blue line represents mean difference between Pakistani CKD-EPI and rGFR and dark red lines represents 95% limits of agreement of the mean difference between them.
Fig 3.
Bland-Altman plot of 2021 CKD-EPI Cr and rGFR (ml/min/1.73m2).
The mean of 2021 CKD-EPI Cr plus rGFR is located on the x-axis, and the value of rGFR minus 2021 CKD-EPI Cr is located on the y-axis. Solid blue line represents mean difference between 2021 CKD-EPI Cr and rGFR and dark red lines represents 95% limits of agreement of the mean difference between them.
Fig 4.
Bland-Altman plot of EKFC and rGFR (ml/min/1.73m2).
The mean of EKFC plus rGFR is located on the x-axis, and the value of rGFR minus EKFC is located on the y-axis. Solid blue line represents mean difference between EKFC and rGFR and dark red lines represents 95% limits of agreement of the mean difference between them.
Fig 5.
Regression equation and scatter plot of Pakistani CKD-EPI and rGFR (ml/min/1.73m2).
rGFR is located on x-axis, and Pakistani CKD-EPI equation is situated on y-axis. Green line represents the regression line of Pakistani CKD-EPI against rGFR, dashed blue lines shows 95% CI for the regression line. Red line represents the identity line for y = x, respectively. The regression equation of , the intercept is below one and the slope is tapered. This scatter diagram represents excellent linear correlation between Pakistani CKD-EPI equation and rGFR, with correlation coefficient of r = 0.982 (P < 0.001). The identity line shows that the Pakistani CKD-EPI equation overestimates eGFR in population of ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73m2 compared to rGFR.
Fig 6.
Regression equation and scatter plot of 2021 CKD-EPI and rGFR (ml/min/1.73m2).
rGFR is located on x-axis, and 2021 CKD-EPI equation is situated on y-axis. Green line represents the regression line of 2021 CKD-EPI against rGFR, dashed blue lines shows 95% CI for the regression line. Red line represents the identity line for y = x, respectively. The regression equation of , the intercept is nearly two and the slope is tapered. This scatter diagram represents excellent linear correlation between 2021 CKD-EPI equation and rGFR, with correlation coefficient of r = 0.978 (P < 0.001). The identity line shows that 2021 CKD-EPI equation overestimates eGFR in population of ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73m2 compared to rGFR.
Fig 7.
Regression equation and scatter plot of EKFC and rGFR (ml/min/1.73m2).
rGFR is located on x-axis, and EKFC equation is situated on y-axis. Green line represents the regression line of EKFC against rGFR, dashed blue lines shows 95% CI for the regression line. Red line represents the identity line for y = x, respectively. The regression equation of eGFREKFC = 2.59+1.14*rGFR, the intercept is nearly three but the slope is tapered. This scatter diagram represents excellent linear correlation between EKFC equation and rGFR, with correlation coefficient of r = 0.968 (P < 0.001). The identity line shows that EKFC equation overestimates eGFR in population of ≤ 60 ml/min/1.73m2 compared to rGFR.
Table 4.
Discordant KIDGO CKD classification and percentage of categorical agreement among estimating equations and rGFR.