Fig 1.
Overview of randomized controlled trial.
Note: QST–Quantitative Sensory Testing, HPT–Heat Pain Threshold, PPT–Pressure Pain Threshold, CPM–Conditioned Pain Modulation. PPT was performed on the trapezius and quadriceps on the same side of the body as the exercise (dominant side). 1-RM– 1 Repetition Maximum Testing. Knee extension exercises were performed for 3 sets x 10 repetitions on the dominant leg. Figure created with Biorender.com.
Table 1.
Demographic characteristics of the total sample and by intervention assignment.
Table 2.
Baseline pain sensitivity characteristics of the total sample and by intervention assignment.
Fig 2.
Immediate effects of PPT changes in the quadriceps.
Note: Error bars represent standard deviation.
Fig 3.
Immediate effects of PPT changes in the trapezius.
Note: Error bars represent standard deviation.
Table 3.
Correlation between baseline pain sensitivity and pressure pain threshold changes during each intervention.