Fig 1.
Flowchart of whale flock optimization algorithm.
Table 1.
Vegetation index calculation formula.
Table 2.
Model parameters.
Fig 2.
Research framework diagram.
Table 3.
Sample statistics.
Fig 3.
Correlation analysis.
Fig 4.
(a) CGMI1 model accuracy; (b) CGMI2 model accuracy.
Fig 5.
Inversion CGMI1 model fitting results.
(a) CGMI1 is inverted based on MLR model; (b) CGMI1 is inverted based on PLS model; (c) CGMI1 is inverted based on SVR model; (d) CGMI1 is inverted based on BRFNN model; (e) CGMI1 is inverted based on RF model; (f) CGMI1 is inverted based on BPNN model.
Fig 6.
Inversion CGMI2 model fitting results.
(a) CGMI2 is inverted based on MLR model; (b) CGMI2 is inverted based on PLS model; (c) CGMI2 is inverted based on SVR model; (d) CGMI2 is inverted based on RF model; (e) CGMI2 is inverted based on BRFNN model; (f) CGMI2 is inverted based on BPNN model.
Table 4.
Model accuracy evaluation.
Fig 7.
Optimized model fitting results.
(a) Residual plot of the BPNN-CGMI2; (b) Residual plot of the WOA- BPNN-CGMI2; (c) Comparison of the fitting results of the validation set;(d) Taylor diagram of the test set.