Fig 1.
Physical, chemical, nutrient and microbial indicators of water quality.
Table 1.
Water quality parameters with WHO standard of clean water.
Table 2.
Advantages and disadvantages of on-site and lab-based water quality testing.
Fig 2.
The labelled areas highlight three testing sites.
1. Lucas Creek, 2. Lake Albany, 3. Lake Pupuke.
Table 3.
Common laboratory-based detection techniques for fundamental water quality parameters.
Table 4.
Five water quality sensors with technical specifications.
Fig 3.
Overview of the hardware design.
Fig 4.
Illustration of the water quality monitoring system on a float boat.
Fig 5.
The flow chart illustrates the process of water sampling, sensor reading, and datalogging.
Fig 6.
Initial testing of the system in pool the of water-jet cutter (Top); the system’s water sampling container and the electrodes (Bottom).
Fig 7.
Results for Lucas creek.
Fig 8.
Results for Lake Albany.
Fig 9.
Results for Lake Pupuke.
Fig 10.
(left) sediment in water sampling tank, (right) small amount of dirt on inlet pump.
Fig 11.
An extension of current work with more sensors and a few water quality systems distributed in water body, enabled with long range communications.