Table 1.
Input and output indicators for measuring NCDs spending efficiency.
Table 2.
Definitions and justifications for the inclusion of environmental variables.
Table 3.
Descriptive statistics of the input and output variables (2015–2019).
Fig 1.
DEA bias-corrected average technical efficiency scores.
Table 4.
Average efficiency scores based on the income level of Sub-Saharan African countries.
Fig 2.
Average technical efficiency scores based on the SFA model (time dimension).
Table 5.
Bootstrap DEA regression results1.
Table 6.
One-step SFA estimation of NCDs health production frontier and inefficiency function.
Table 7.
Malmquist productivity index and its sub-components (2015–2019 averages).
Table 8.
Summary of Malmquist productivity index (longitudinal dimension).
Table 9.
Average productivity performance in the prevention and treatment of NCDs.
Fig 3.
Scatter plot of DEA efficiency scores and Malmquist productivity index (TFPCH).
Table 10.
Global Moran’s I of NCDs spending efficiency in SSA from 2015 to 2019.
Fig 4.
Moran’s I scatter plot.
Fig 5.
Average bias-corrected efficiency scores from the robustness checks results.