Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
Fig 1.
The flow of information through the different phases of the systematic review.
Fig 2.
Forest plot of the association between problem-solving skills and suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and suicide death.
Fig 3.
Forest plot of the association between problem-solving therapy and the risk of suicide.
Fig 4.
Forest plot of standard mean difference (SMD) of the total score of problem-solving skills among those who attempted suicide versus those who did not attempt suicide.
Fig 5.
Forest plot of standard mean difference (SMD) of the total score of risk of suicide among those who received problem-solving therapy versus those who did not receive problem-solving therapy.
Table 2.
Assessing the source of heterogeneity across studies reporting the association between problem-solving skills and suicidal ideation and suicide attempt using the meta-regression.