Fig 1.
Effects of different compost and vermicompost, and chitin (shrimp shells) on egg hatching and mortality of the second-stage juveniles (J2s) of Meloidogyne javanica in vitro.
Data are the means of three replicates. Bars with the same letters are not significantly different (P ≤ 0.05).
Table 1.
Effect of different compost and vermicompost, animal manure, shrimp shells and chitosan on the growth parameter of infected tomato plants and the nematode indices of Meloidogyne javanica.
Table 2.
Effect of arugula vermicompost + bacteria on the growth parameter of infected tomato plants and the nematode indices of Meloidogyne javanica.
Table 3.
Effect of arugula vermicompost + combination of bacteria and chitosan on the nematode indices of Meloidogyne javanica and the growth parameter of infected tomato plants.
Table 4.
Effect of arugula vermicompost + combination of bacteria and chitosan on the nematode indices of Meloidogyne javanica, and growth parameter and yield of infected tomato plants in 10 kg pots.
Fig 2.
Principal component analysis (PCA) of compost and vermicompost of arugula; beta diversity estimated by Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (A) and Jaccard index (B) (M: Arugula compost; VM: Arugula vermicompost).
Fig 3.
Alpha diversity estimates (A: Chao1 index; B: Shannon index) for the bacterial community of vermicompost and compost of arugula (M: Arugula compost; VM: Arugula vermicompost).
Fig 4.
Taxonomic profile of bacteria in compost and vermicompost of arugula at the phylum level (M: Arugula compost; VM: Arugula vermicompost).
Fig 5.
Taxonomic profile of bacteria in compost and vermicompost of arugula at the family level (M: Arugula compost; VM: Arugula vermicompost).
Table 5.
The predominant bacterial families or orders (suborders) were isolated from arugula compost and vermicompost.
Fig 6.
Taxonomic profile of bacteria in compost and vermicompost of arugula at the genus level (M: Arugula compost; VM: Arugula vermicompost).