Fig 1.
Analytical framework.
Fig 2.
The location of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Greater Bay Area (GBA).
Fig 3.
The local climate zone (LCZ) classification in the GBA in 2019.
Table 1.
The selected landscape metrics, their descriptions, and potentially qualitative impacts on wayfinding.
Fig 4.
The intelligibility value to represent wayfinding in each GBA city, indicated by the R2 values between Lconn and NQPDA.
Fig 5.
The spatial patterns of intelligibility-based wayfinding among the GBA cities.
Table 2.
The correlations between intelligibility and landscape metrics of LCZ types.
Fig 6.
Hotspot results of class-level metrics in LCZ types.
The spatial clusters of the values of SPLIT in LCZ 2 (a), the values of PD in LCZ 3 (b), LCZ 5 (c), and LCZ 6 (d), as well as the values of IJI in LCZ 9 (e) and LCZ D (f) among cities.
Fig 7.
Hotspot results of patch-level metrics in LCZ types.
The spatial clusters of the values of ENN in LCZ 1 (a) and LCZ 2 (b), the values of SIMI in LCZ 9 (c), and the values of ENN in LCZ D (d) among cities.
Fig 8.
Diagrams to illustrate the spatial reconfigurations of LCZ 1(a), LCZ 2 (b), and LCZ 5 (c).