Fig 1.
Antibacterial potential of column collected fractions (F17, F21, F23, F30, and F33) against a: E. coli,b: B. cereus and c: S. aureus, incubated at 37 °C for 24 h.
Fig 2.
Anti biofilm potential of F23 fraction (0.5×, 2×, 4×, and 8× MIC) against pathogenic bacterial strains.
Bars represent the standard error of mean (n = 3). Different letters indicate significant differences according to Tukey’s test with a p-value ≤0.05.
Fig 3.
Time–kill assay of F23 fraction (0.5×, 2×, 4×, and 8× MIC) against (a) E. coli, (b) B. cereus and (c) S. aureus at different time periods (0, 4, 8, 16, and 24 h).
Bars represent the standard error of the mean (n = 3). Results are according to ANOVA test mean values and intervals based on Tukey test. Different uppercase letters indicate significant differences according to the Tukey test with a p-value ≤0.05.
Table 1.
Metabolites of F23 fraction of Loig. coryniformis BCH-4, identified by ESI-MS/MS.
Fig 4.
ESI-MS2 of metabolites (a) Mangiferin (m/z 421.3) @CID 5.30 and (b) Oleandomycin (m/z 686.9) @CID 10.0, in negative ion mode.
Fig 5.
Antibacterial potential of F23 fraction and commercial oleandomycin (OM) antibiotic against.
a: E. coli, b: B. cereus and c: S. aureus incubated at 37 °C for 24 h.
Fig 6.
Interactions (a-c) and binding patterns (a’-c’) of Mangiferin with different receptor proteins. (a, a’) dihydrofolate reductase from S. aureus (b, b’) DNA polymerase III α-subunit from E. coli (c, c’) putative deacetylase BC1534 from B. cereus.
Fig 7.
Interactions (a-c) and binding patterns (a’-c’) of oleandomycin with different receptor proteins. (a, a’) dihydrofolate reductase from S. aureus (b, b’) DNA polymerase III α-subunit from E. coli (c, c’) putative deacetylase BC1534 from B. cereus.
Table 2.
The interactions of metabolites (ligands) with receptor proteins of selected bacteria.