Fig 1.
The HAPA model, adapted from Schwarzer [12].
Table 1.
Subscale description [22].
Table 2.
Response frequencies (n), mean* and standard deviations for 29 HAPA items per subscale before missing value imputation.
Table 3.
Sample characteristics of children and parents (n = 269).
Table 4.
Measures for the entire set of items and the subscales for Mokken scale analysis.
Fig 2.
Plots of parallel analysis and very simple structure analysis of the remaining set of items (26 items).
Table 5.
Measures for the remaining set of 26 items for confirmatory fit analysis.
Table 6.
Reliability coefficients, mean and Pearson’s correlations between the subscales and locus of control.
Table 7.
Mean scoresa and standard deviations of the HAPA constructs for the total group (n = 269) and per caries experience group and per educational level of the mother and p values from independent-samples t-tests for the comparison of the groups.
Table 8.
Pearson correlation coefficients between the HAPA subscales.