Table 1.
Definitions and summary statistics of variables.
Fig 1.
Correlation between housing prices and VIE.
Table 2.
The variance inflation factor of each explanatory variable.
Table 3.
Baseline regression results.
Table 4.
Robustness results.
Table 5.
The mediating effect of consumption willingness and consumption ability.
Table 6.
Empirical test of spatial spillover effect.
Table 7.
Direct and indirect effects of housing prices on VIE.
Table 8.
Robustness checks.