Fig 1.
Disinfectant methods used in this research.
A) bleach spray application using a mini-spray bottle, B) IPA wipe, C) bench-scale simulated laundering, D) LCHPV, and E) QAC application. Note, bars of fixed height were used in bleach and QAC application to standardize the application distance for each experiment (as depicted in Panels A and E).
Fig 2.
Coupons of each PPE type (procedural mask, face covering, face shield, safety glasses, shoes, denim, scrubs, and stainless steel) that were used in tests.
Table 1.
Test matrix for experiments conducted herein.
An “X” denotes that a given combination of PPE or clothing material was tested against a particular cleaning or disinfection method.
Fig 3.
Disinfection efficacy results in log PFU by disinfectant for stainless-steel control coupons and A) respiratory protection (face covering and procedural mask coupons), B) body protection (scrubs, denim, and shoe coupons), and C) eye/face protection (safety glass and face shield coupons). The dashed line on each bar chart marks the 3-log reduction virus disinfection criteria, and a * above a bar indicates that no virus was detected on the test coupon. Error bars are the pooled standard deviation of the test coupons and positive control coupons. Where no virus detected is notated, but an error bar is present it represents the variability in the positive controls. Stainless steel data also averages data from multiple tests. Where no virus detected is notated for stainless steel it is applicable to all test coupons.
Fig 4.
Average disinfection efficacy of each disinfectant and material for A) MS2 and B) Phi6 with red shading if less than the 3-log disinfection efficacy metric and green if greater than 3-log. Size of bubbles is reflective of efficacy. Larger size indicates a higher Log PFU removal by the disinfectant.