Fig 1.
Map of localities in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, where Setophaga petechia individuals of three different populations were captured and songs were taped.
(A) general view of the area, (B) detail of individual collections on Cozumel Island, (green circle) Setophaga petechia bryanti, (blue circle) Setophaga petechia rufivertex, (red circle) new island mangrove population, and (black circle) collection points for song data. Source for maps: Map A from INEGI (2019), state political division, scale 1:250000”, and Map B from: Layer downloaded for free from http://www.efrainmaps.es. Carlos Efraín Porto Tapiquén. Geografía, SIG y Cartografía Digital. Valencia, España, 2020.
Fig 2.
Variation of head coloration and streaked breast of adult male Setophaga petechia encountered in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico.
(A) Mangrove Warbler, S. p. bryanti, with its characteristic complete chestnut-colored head and thinly streaked breast, found in mangrove on the mainland coast, (B) Golden Warbler, S. p. rufivertex, with only chestnut-colored crown, heavily streaked breast, yellow lores and faint throat streaks, found in deciduous forest and dune scrub on Cozumel Island, and (C) the island mangrove population, with two examples of coloration of head: C-1 almost complete chestnut colored head, yellow lores and broadly streaked breast, and C-2 with partially chestnut-colored head and throat, yellow lores and broadly streaked breast. Photo credit: Waldemar Santamaria-Rivero.
Fig 3.
Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based on seven morphometric traits for the Yellow Warbler complex, Setophaga petechia in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico.
Setophaga petechia bryanti from mainland (green color), S. p. rufivertex (blue color) and the new mangrove population (red color) from the Island.
Fig 4.
Histograms for morphological traits of the Setophaga petechia complex in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico.
Setophaga petechia bryanti (green), S. p. rufivertex (blue), and the new mangrove population (red). Mean and standard error are presented. Letters above each box represent intergroup differences followed by the Dunn post-hoc test.
Fig 5.
Stacked bar chart of phenotypic characteristics of three populations from the Setophaga petechia complex (adult males).
Setophaga petechia bryanti (green), S. p. rufivertex (blue), and the new island mangrove population (red). The number inside the box represents the number of adult males presenting this characteristic. Photo credit: Waldemar Santamaria-Rivero and Barbara MacKinnon-Haskins.
Fig 6.
Correspondence analysis of the phenotypic characteristics of the two subspecies and the new island mangrove population from the Setophaga petechia complex in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico.
SY (second calendar year individuals) and ASY (third year or older individuals) follow [46].
Table 1.
Genetic diversity parameters determined with GENALEX, POPGENE, and HICKORY v1.1 (full model) software for three populations of Setophaga petechia complex from Quintana Roo, Mexico.
Fig 7.
Genetic structure results based on ISSR markers for the two subspecies and the new island mangrove population from the Setophaga petechia complex in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico.
Bayesian analysis computed by STRUCTURE 2.3.1 software where each individual is represented by a single vertical line broken into K segments of length proportional to the estimated membership (probability qi) in the K clusters: (A) for K = 2 as suggested by the ΔK method and (B) for K = 3 as suggested by LnP(D) values. (C) principal coordinate analysis (PCOA) processed in GENALEX 6.5, and (D) unrooted Neighbour-Joining tree computed by SPLITS TREE4. Setophaga petechia bryanti (green), S. p. rufivertex (blue), and the new island mangrove population (red).
Fig 8.
Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) based on acoustic parameters for the two subspecies and the new island mangrove population of the Setophaga petechia complex.
(A) the 11-acoustic metrics, (B) only the metrics characteristic of phrase level, and (C) only the metrics characteristic of syllable level. Setophaga petechia bryanti (green), S. p. rufivertex (blue), and the new island mangrove population (red).
Fig 9.
Histograms for each of the 11 acoustic metrics determined for the two subspecies and the island mangrove population of the Setophaga petechia complex.
Setophaga petechia bryanti (green), S. p. rufivertex (blue), and the new island mangrove population (red). Mean and standard error are presented. Letters above each box represent intergroup differences follow by the Dunn post-hoc test.