Fig 1.
Content analysis of highland barley seeds under salt stress.
The contents of total polyphenols and total flavonoids changed on different germination days (0 day, 1 day, 3 day, 5 day, and 7 day) under salt stress. (a) The content of total polyphenols on different germination days. (b) The contents of total flavonoids changes on different germination days. (c) The contents of ferulic acid content on different germination days. (d) The contents of caffeic acid on different germination days. Error bars show the standard deviation from three independent experiments.
Fig 2.
Content analysis of lignin in highland barley seeds on different germination days.
Error bars show the standard deviation from three independent experiments.
Fig 3.
Transcriptomic profiling of highland barley seeds cells under salt stress.
(a) Number of genes significantly (|log2FoldChange| > 1; p < 0.05) differentially expressed in highland barley seed cells during different times of germination stage under salt stress and non-salt stress. (b) Heatmap of transcript diversity across highland barley seeds cells during different germination stages (1 day, 3 day, 5 day, and 7 day) under salt stress. (c) Venn diagram analysis of highland barley seeds cells during the germination stage (3 day and 5 day) under salt stress and non-salt stress. (d) Heatmap of transcript diversity across highland barley seeds cells during the germination stage (3 day and 5 day) under salt stress and non-salt stress. Three biological replicates were performed per sample.
Fig 4.
Functional enrichment analysis of transcripts based on KEGG pathways.
Three biological replicates were performed per condition.
Fig 5.
Functional enrichment analysis of phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway.
Red and green lines represent the upregulated and downregulated pathways, respectively.
Fig 6.
qRT-PCR verification of the key genes in the phenylpropane metabolic pathway.
The mRNA expression levels were normalized to the expression level of gapdh. Error bars show the standard deviation from three independent experiments.