Fig 1.
Flow chart of patients with LHD who underwent the CPET and RHC.
Cpc: combined post-capillary and pre-capillary, CPET: cardiopulmonary exercise test, Ipc: isolated post-capillary, LHD: left heart disease, PAP: pulmonary artery pressure, PAWP: pulmonary artery wedge pressure, PH: pulmonary hypertension, PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance, RHC: right heart catheterization.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the patients.
Fig 2.
Evolution of the PETCO2 from rest to peak exercise in the three groups of patients.
AT: anaerobic threshold, Cpc: combined post-capillary and pre-capillary, Ipc: isolated post-capillary, PETCO2: end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide, PH: pulmonary hypertension.
Table 2.
Exercise parameters.
Fig 3.
Receiver operating characteristic curves of the peak PETCO2 and ΔVO2/ΔWR to detect Cpc-PH.
AUC: area under the curve, Cpc-PH: combined post-capillary and pre-capillary PH, PETCO2: end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide, ΔVO2/ΔWR: slope of the increase in the VO2 to the increase in the work rate.
Table 3.
Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses for determinants of Cpc-PH.
Fig 4.
Kaplan-Meier plot stratified by PH phenotype.
Cpc: combined post-capillary and pre-capillary, Ipc: isolated post-capillary, PH: pulmonary hypertension.
Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard analyses for predictors of mortality.