Fig 1.
Determination of choroidal MvD.
Color disc photograph (A), OCT angiography image of the disc in the deep layer (B), and magnified OCT angiography image (C) are shown. The optic disc margin is delineated with a green dashed line and the area of MvD is demarcated by a red dashed line. A disc without a choroidal MvD is shown in (D).
Table 1.
Comparison of demographic and ocular characteristics.
Fig 2.
Graphs (line plots) showing initial peripapillary retinal vessel density (A), RNFL thickness (B), macular vessel density (C), and GCIP layer thickness (D) in optic neuritis eyes with and without MvD along with frequency distribution of MvD (bar plots).
Choroidal MvD was most frequently found in the temporal quadrant. Peripapillary superficial retinal vessel density was significantly lower in the temporal quadrant in patients with MvD in comparison to those without MvD. An asterisk indicates a between-group difference with a P value <0.05. Error bars indicate standard errors. Abbreviations: MvD, microvasculature dropout; S, superior quadrant; T, temporal quadrant; I, inferior quadrant; N, nasal quadrant.
Fig 3.
Longitudinal changes in estimated marginal means of RNFL thickness in optic neuritis eyes based on the presence of MvD in superior (A), inferior (B), temporal (C), and nasal (D) quadrants.
No significant difference was noted in RNFL thickness in any quadrant 6 months after diagnosis of optic neuritis in patients displaying peripapillary choroidal MvD. Error bars indicate standard errors. Abbreviations: RNFL, retinal nerve fiber layer; MvD, microvasculature dropout.
Fig 4.
Longitudinal changes in estimated marginal means of GCIP thickness in optic neuritis eyes based on the presence of MvD in superonasal (A), superior (B), superotemporal (C), inferonasal (D), inferior (E), and inferotemporal (F) sectors.
GCIP thickness was significantly lower in optic neuritis eyes displaying MvD in 4 of 6 sectors at 6 months follow-up. An asterisk indicates a between-group difference with a P value <0.05. Error bars indicate standard errors. Abbreviations: GCIP, ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer; MvD, microvasculature dropout.
Fig 5.
Representative cases of optic neuritis patients depending on the presence of choroidal MvD.
A representative patient with optic neuritis in the left eye, along with peripapillary choroidal microvasculature dropout in the temporal quadrant (A). En-face OCT angiography images of the choroidal layer (a) and inner retinal layer (b) of the peripapillary area are shown. Visual field pattern deviation map at 6 months (d) and en-face OCT angiography image of the inner retinal layer of macula (e). Following attack of optic neuritis, RNFL thickness as shown c, and GCIP thickness as shown in F significantly decreased. A patient with optic neuritis in the left eye, without notable peripapillary choroidal microvasculature dropout in the en-face OCT angiography image of the choroidal layer (B, a). En-face OCT angiography images of the inner retinal layer of the peripapillary area (b) and the macular area (e) are shown. Visual field at 6 months showed no significant defect (d). The RNFL thickness (c) and GCIP thickness (f) showed mild decreases following the attack.
Table 2.
Logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with the presence of choroidal MvD in eyes with optic neuritis.