Fig 1.
500kV T-Connection transmission line.
Fig 2.
Peterson equivalent circuit when internal branch OC occur fault in T-connection transmission line.
Fig 3.
Peterson equivalent circuit when external branch CF occur fault in T-connection transmission line.
Fig 4.
Corresponding waveform diagram of traveling wave protection unit TR1 when internal branch CO occur fault.
Fig 5.
Corresponding waveform diagram of traveling wave protection unit TR2 when internal branch BO occur fault.
Fig 6.
Corresponding waveform diagram of traveling wave protection unit TR3 when internal branch CO occur fault.
Fig 7.
Corresponding waveform diagram of traveling wave protection unit TR1 when external branch CF occur fault.
Fig 8.
Corresponding waveform diagram of traveling wave protection unit TR2 when external branch CF occur fault.
Fig 9.
Corresponding waveform diagram of traveling wave protection unit TR3 when external branch CF occur fault.
Fig 10.
Random forest classification method process.
Fig 11.
Flow of the fault branch identification algorithm.
Fig 12.
Power line configuration.
Table 1.
Parameters of the system.
Table 2.
Explanation of symbols or terms.
Fig 13.
Comparison of training set prediction results.
Table 3.
Training sample failure condition parameter selection table.
Fig 14.
Comparison of different fault initial angle fault test set predictions.
Table 4.
Simulation results of different initial angle test sets.
Table 5.
Simulation results of different transitional resistance fault test sets.
Table 6.
Simulation results of different fault type test sets.
Table 7.
Simulation results of different fault distance test sets.
Fig 15.
CT saturation test set prediction comparison.
Table 8.
Simulation results of the test set when internal branch CO of the T-connection transmission line exhibits CT saturation.
Fig 16.
T-connection transmission line traveling wave protection unit TR2 measured current-dependent waveform when internal branch BO occur fault.
Fig 17.
T-connection transmission line traveling wave protection unit TR2 measured current-dependent waveform when internal branch AD occur fault.
Fig 18.
Comparison of noise impact test set predictions.
Table 9.
Simulation results of test set for internal branch BO and external branch AD in T-connection transmission line under different SNR faults.
Fig 19.
Reactive power at each sampling point corresponding waveform diagram of traveling wave protection unit TR1 when branch BO occur fault.
Fig 20.
Reactive power at each sampling point corresponding waveform diagram of traveling wave protection unit TR1 when branch AD occur fault.
Fig 21.
Comparison of data loss test set predictions.
Table 10.
Test set simulation verification results for the internal branch AO and external branch CF data randomly lost.
Table 11.
Analysis of fault identification effect of different neural networks.
Table 12.
Simulation results of random fault test.