Fig 1.
Major volatiles identified from Endoconidiophora rufipennis.
Fig 2.
Time course of relative amounts of isoamyl acetate (1) and sulcatone (2) and produced in an ER culture over time.
Fig 3.
Total ion chromatogram of volatiles collected from the headspace of ER cultivated on pure agar medium on day 10.
An enantioselective Cyclosil B column was used to separate stereoisomers. Peak information is given in Table 1.
Fig 4.
Time dependence of relative amounts of compounds (3–7) produced in an ER culture (Citronellyl acetate (8) omitted for clarity, see Table 1 for data).
Fig 5.
Mean relative catches (r) of I. typographus, calculated from EMM (Estimated marginal means) of SPSS UNIANOVA.
The thin dashed reference line at 0.25 shows the zero hypothesis that all four treatments had the same catch (1/4 of total). Only the addition of Geranyl acetone (6) to synthetic pheromone (Ipslure®) resulted in a catch significantly lower than the catch of the Control (synthetic pheromone alone). Bars with the same lower-case letters (a or b) did not statistically differ from each other by sequential Sidak post-hoc contrasts following GzLM (Omnibus test [fitted model against the intercept-only model] likelihood ratio χ2 10.98, df 3, p = 1.2*%, SPSS GENLIN).
Table 1.
Relative amounts (%) of total volatiles emitted by ER over time by SPME analysis.
Table 2.
Chemicals, release rates and dispensers used in field trapping experiments.
Table 3.
Effect sizes of anti-attractants trapping Ips typographus in three trapping studies for the addition of geranyl acetone compared to other host-derived anti-attractants to aggregation pheromone alone (control).