Fig 1.
Islanded single area μG model without the optimizer.
Fig 2.
Models of a) EV, b) HP.
Fig 3.
General μG block diagram with optimizer.
Fig 4.
Flowchart of Jaya algorithm.
Fig 5.
Optimization strategy-based Balloon Effect identifier.
Fig 6.
Simplified microgrid model-based adaptive control system supported by BE for EVs and HPs.
Fig 7.
Flowchart of JBO.
Fig 8.
Smart islanded μG system.
Fig 9.
Overall islanded μG system block diagram considering participation of flexible loads (EVs and HPs) based on the adaptive Jaya optimizer.
Table 1.
Data and Parameters of the Suggested μG.
Table 2.
Data and Parameters Selection of Jaya Algorithm.
Fig 10.
Changing in (a) PV Power; (b) Random demand Load.
Fig 11.
System dynamic response in the first scenario: (a) frequency deviations; (b) deviation of diesel generator power change; (c) deviation of EVs and HPs power change.
Table 3.
A comparison with previously published papers in this research area.
Fig 12.
Block diagram of the studied system using real-time simulation.
Fig 13.
Real-time laboratory setup.
Fig 14.
System frequency deviation using real-time simulation with the three investigated controllers.