Fig 1.
Map of northern-central Misiones, Argentina with detection dog survey routes (2009 thru 2018) shown relative to protected areas, major roads, towns, and the two land-use raster grids used in spatial analyses.
a) land use was derived from a mosaic of Landsat-8 TM satellite images from 2015 [45] and b) land use was derived using the automated classification of satellite images from 2018 [53].
Table 1.
Summary of predictor variables tested and used in the two species-specific ecological niche models generated in this work.
Fig 2.
A summary of the proportion (%) of marginal and optimal habitat defined as suitable in the northern-central zone for Model 1 (left) and Model 2 (right), with these two measures equal to the binary prediction of proportion (%) of total suitable habitat. Included are the five species-specific ecological niche models and the potential species richness (PSR) that quantifies the overlap (0–5 species) among those areas defined as suitable for each carnivore. The latter is only represented as a binary prediction.
Table 2.
The proportion (%) of suitable habitat, as determined with species-specific ecological niche models (ENM), across the ~1.5M ha in the northern-central (N-C) zone in Misiones, Argentina, located outside of protected areas, and captured by ~400,000 ha multispecies biological corridor modelled by DeMatteo [1].
Table 3.
Proportion (%) of habitat relative to the total area defined as suitable in the species-specific ecological niche models (ENM) across the ~1.5M ha in the northern-central (N-C) zone in Misiones, Argentina.
Table 4.
The proportion (%) of suitable habitat across the range of potential species richness (0–5 species) within the ~1.5M ha of the northern-central (N-C) zone in Misiones, Argentina, as well as the proportion (%) of total suitable habitat (0–5 species) captured by ~400,000 ha multispecies biological corridor modelled by DeMatteo [1].
Table 5.
Proportion (%) of native forest and modified environments for the northern-central (NC) zone in Misiones, Argentina, and the ~400,000 ha multispecies biological corridor modelled by DeMatteo [1].
Fig 3.
The potential species richness (PSR) represented as a summary of the proportion (%) of marginal and optimal habitat defined as suitable in the northern-central zone for Model 1 and Model 2.
For each model, the overlap of marginal and optimal habitats was grouped into six classes: 0 species, 1–3 species with marginal habitat, 4–5 species with marginal habitat, 1–3 species with optimal habitat, 4 species with optimal habitat, and 5 species with optimal habitat. Each level is then categorized into the type of land management that is needed to optimized long-term survival of species in the corridor: Habitat restoration, habitat protection, or a combination of the two practices.
Table 6.
The potential species richness (PSR) with habitat suitability subdivided into marginal and optimal habitat.
Fig 4.
The potential species richness (PSR) is represented as a summary of the proportion (%) of marginal and optimal habitat defined as suitable in the northern-central zone for Model 1 and Model 2.
Presented is the overlap of the potential species richness (PSR) with defined marginal and optimal habitats for each model with the DeMatteo [1] corridor, specifically the connectors or those areas defined as having the lowest levels of PSR and habitat integrity. Areas in the connectors are defined by the type of habitat (marginal or optimal), the number of overlapping species (1–5), and whether habitat restoration and/or protection are needed. The remainder of the corridor is generalized as the core buffer, as it corresponds to the DeMatteo [1] model.