Fig 1.
Research process.
Fig 2.
Schematic diagram of the study area.
Table 1.
Construction and completion time and length of each expressway.
Fig 3.
Diagram of buffer area.
Fig 4.
Schematic diagram of the interchange node.
Fig 5.
Overall schematic of VSWI in 2015.
Fig 6.
Overall average VSWI by year in the study area.
Fig 7.
Average VSWI from 2005–2016.
Table 2.
Regional grading.
Fig 8.
General spatial trend of the overall regression trend slope of VSWI in the study area.
Fig 9.
Schematic diagram of coefficient of variation.
Fig 10.
Average value of VSWI in the 1km buffer zone of the three new expressways.
Fig 11.
Trend of multi-year VSWI spatial distribution in the buffer zone of Dongyong Expressway.
(a) Average trend of 2005-2008(last year) (b) Average trend of 2009–2014 (during construction) (c) Average trend of 2014-2016(finished).
Fig 12.
Trend of multi-year VSWI spatial distribution in the buffer zone of Jinliwin Expressway.
(a) Average trend of 2008–2010 (during construction) (b) Average trend of 2010-2016(finished).
Fig 13.
Trend of multi-year VSWI spatial distribution in the buffer zone of Yongjin Expressway.
(a) Average trend of 2005-2008(during construction) (b) Average trend of 2008-2009(finished).
Fig 14.
Changes in VSWI by buffer zone of Dongyong Expressway from 2014 to 2016.
Fig 15.
Changes in VSWI by buffer zone of the Jinliwin Expressway from 2008 to 2012.
Fig 16.
Changes in VSWI by buffer zone of Yongjin Expressway from 2005 to 2008.
Table 3.
Annual average VSWI within the 1km radius of each interchange node before and after its construction(Show only part, S1 Table for complete table).
Table 4.
Annual average VSWI within the radius of each interchange node of Yongjin Expressway before and after its construction(Show only part, S2 Table for complete table).
Table 5.
Annual average VSWI within the radius of each interchange node before and after the construction of the Jinliwin Expressway(Show only part, S3 Table for complete table).
Table 6.
Annual average VSWI within the radius of each interchange node of Dongyong Expressway before and after its construction.
Table 7.
Annual average VSWI values in different radiation radii of each interchange node of Yongjin Expressway before and after its construction(Show only part, S4 Table for complete table).
Fig 17.
Interannual VSWI change rate comparison.