Fig 1.
Flow diagram summarizing the experimental design.
A: Species selection and tissue removal and storage conditions. B: DNA extraction with the three compared protocols. C: Analyzed variables, quality, and quantity of extracted DNA, costs, and time for sample processing according to the three extraction protocols. D: Verification of functional sequences from DNA barcode.
Fig 2.
Electrophoresis of DNA isolated from L. purpureus by three different methods.
A: saline (NaCl) protocol, B: Wizard® Genomic kit—Promega, C: Phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol. Lanes 1 and 32: 2,8 kb ladder molecular size markers. A white line indicates that lanes 20 and 21 are of the same gel.
Fig 3.
DNA concentration, 260/280 and 260/230 purity ratio for the three protocols of DNA extraction according to tissue type and storage conditions.
Gray shaded areas indicate the ratio of purity values considered satisfactory for extracted DNA. Error bars indicate standard deviations for the five independent replicates. Different letters indicate significant differences (p <0.05) from each comparative analysis.
Table 1.
Comparison of the costs (in US dollars) required to isolate DNA per sample according to the three DNA extraction methods.
Fig 4.
Portions of COI sequences from L. purpureus according to each DNA extraction method.
LP: Lutjanus purpureus. A: Electropherograms in three samples of red snapper. B: Sequence dataset encompassing the seven COI sequences in a pilot essay with L. purpureus and other Lutjanidae representatives from the Brazilian coast. The species Genyatremus luteus (Haemulidae) was used as an outgroup.
Fig 5.
The Neighbor-Joining tree obtained from the pilot essay with COI sequences of L. purpureus obtained from three DNA methods and other Lutjanidae species from the Brazilian coast.
LP: Lutjanus purpureus. The species Genyatremus luteus (Haemulidae) was used as an outgroup.