Fig 1.
Labyrinth spider (Agelena labyrinthica) sitting in her web in the field with a captured honey bee prey (Apis mellifera).
Fig 2.
QR code to access a video showing a labyrinth spider (Agelena labyrinthica) capturing an adult honey bee (Apis mellifera) in the feeding experiment (URL: https://youtu.be/kO5B2Z7OiNw).
Table 1.
Primers used for the relative virus quantification of viruses in spiders, Agelena labyrinthica.
Primers used for sequencing of PCR products are marked with asterisk (*).
Table 2.
Detection of viruses known from honey bees (Apis mellifera) in field-collected labyrinth spiders (Agelena Labyrinthica; N = 16).
Samples tested positive are marked with [+] and negative ones with [–]. The number of samples indicates how many individually analysed spider samples matched each virus profile.
Fig 3.
Titres of (A,C) Acute bee paralysis virus (ABPV) and (B,D) Deformed wing virus type B (DWV-B) in labyrinth spiders (Agelena labyrinthica) from the experimental feeding trial: (A & B) Virus titres for the two treatment groups that differed with regard to the feeding regime (controls = no virus, treatment = virus); (C & D) female spiders that either did or did not build a cocoon. Boxplots are displayed with the inter-quartile-ranges (box), medians (black line in box) and outliers (dots). Dashed lines represent virus detection thresholds. Significant differences (p < 0.05) between the groups are indicated by small bold letters (a, b).
Table 3.
Titres of ABPV and DWV-B reported as medians [1st 3rd quartiles] in labyrinth spiders (Agelena Labyrinthica; N = 24) after an experimental feeding assay with infected honey bee pupae (Apis mellifera).